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Two sphere radii distributions are used in this experiment: monosized and lognormally distributed radii. The monosized sphere systems provide a means to test the effects of varying either the size or the number density of air voids. The zeroth-order logarithmic radius distribution [43]
represents an air void radii distribution typically found in concrete containing air entrainment. For this distribution ( ro = 15 µm, σo = 0.736 ) and the specific surface area is 30.0 mm−1. A plot of this distribution, and the corresponding ASTM C 457 chord distribution, φ(z) [44], is shown in Fig. 4. In this plot, the air void distribution is shown as a diameter distribution, f(d), rather than a radius distribution since sphere diameters are more directly comparable to the observed ASTM C 457 chord distribution.
Figure 4: The zeroth-order logarithmic sphere diameter distribution f(d), and the corresponding chord distribution φ(z), used in this experiment.